Cutting irregular forms



"a's 'vit is moved back-and forth.

UNITED sTA s orries.

D. GEORGE AND H. ROBERTSON, or G ANVILLE, OHIO.

otiTTI'NG "Immense some. f

=Specification o f' fhetters Patent No. 5,' 7 3, dated October 24, 1848.

To all whom i't'may concern:

Carriages, and for other Purposes, which is described as follows,reference being-had to; the annexed drawings of the same, making part ofthis specification.

Figure-1 is aperspective view of the ma} chine as arranged for dressingspokes of carriage wheels. Flg. 2 is a slde vl'ew'of a portion of themachine. Fig. 3 is a horizon} l talsection on the dotted line 00 of Fig.2 showing the arrangement of the pulleys,

bands, &c., Fig. 16 "isa top View of'one'ofx the guide wheels. Fig. 1-7is a vertical sec;- 1 tion of one ofthe guide wheels, and one of. .thecutting cylinders, shafts, pulleys, andpart of theswing frame. Fig. 18is atopview, of one of the cylinders for dressing articles square, "andfor tenoning and cutting shoulders. v

Similar letters in the several figures refer v in order to make itsposition correspond with various lengths of spokes to be dressed.

to corresponding parts.

A is the frame for containing and'supporting the several parts of themachine.

B B are two longitudinal angular ways, or ribs, to guide the'carriage,upon which the fellies, and other articles are placed;

C is a movable transverse frame, placed upon the top of the main framefor su' s pendinga hub and set ofsp'oke's, driven into the same, inorder to cut the square tehhhs on the small ends of the spokes,preparatory to their being inserted into the 'fellies; and to whichfranie'one of the transverseways, hereafter described, is fastened.

D D are two parallel ways, between which the carriage carrying'the'spokepattern and spoke to be dressed, traverses longit'udif nallyone of saidWays (D) being grooved. in the upper side, to admit the lower side" ofthe carriage to slide therein, and fas tened upon the top of the framethe other way (D) being fastened to the side of the upper frame C, andprovidedvvith a metal, lic rib or plate D, fastened to the side of saidway and projecting beltiw the under side thereof, forming a liportongueto en ter a corresponding groove, in the upper side of the carriage, forguiding the same E is the harness for ear ylhg the phase "of aspoke,'and a rough spoke, or piece of timber to be dressed, to a similarformto that of the pattern, and themandrels, gearing, and appendages bywhich'they are held and revolved, during the operation of passing themlongitudinally between the guide rollers band revolving cutters 15.

This carriage is composed of'a longitudinal timber E and bar 13"connected by ve'rtical'postsE" E 'flthe timber E being grooved on theupper side as aforesaid. The castiron bar E" runs in the aforesaidgroove"in the bottom way D.

The bar 'E is cast with a thin curvedfp'ost E of the same'thicknessas'the b'arthe upperend' of $3.16. post'being let into the ui'ider sideof theaforesaidtimber E. This post and the large post E are bored withround holes to admit the journalsofthem'andrels 'toturntrulythereimThere is a corresponding iron post E next the opposite end of thecarriage, bored in a similar'manner to admitthe mandrels-that sustainthe opposite "ends' of the -spoke pattern, and rough spoke "or pieceoftimber tobe dressed. This post may be m'oved b'etween thefiXed'postsEfE "has aho'ri'zontal bar or TheadE cast on it, that slides in a groove,made in the un:

dersi'de-of the horizontal rail E. The said '1' head has "a female screwmade in-its upper edge to admit a male screw F, inserted into acorresponding hole, in the top r'ailor side of the carriage, by whichthesai'd T head post is held firmly; the said screw has a shoulder onit, that turns on the top of the rail E of the carriage. There "are"several holes made in the rail to admit said screw F to be'shiftedfromone mahothe'r in changing the position of the post;

for hdldingthe pattern and spoke, are made like ether mandrels in use.

G G"; are extended; through the wide post et t-he j'rear or left end ofthe carriage, far enough] to receive cog wheels H, and

circular h0tehe d;p1ate's 11 Fig. -1the COg wh els being geared'togethr' eng d the she. with the other, and turning together withfthlimgbd,sea the notched p g The mandrels turning With the cogwheels, beingfastened to them. The peripheries of the plates, how-- ever, do nottouch each other.

K Fig. 1 is a spiral or coiled spring for turning the pattern and spoke,when not held fast by the levers N, N and dogs a, n, one end of saidspring being made fast to the mandrel, and the other end to the carriage.

' mencement of the operation, of dressing the spokes.

N is a jointed lever and a dog, for holding the upper notched plate andcogged wheel from turning, while the dog is in one of the notches thefulcrum being at 3.

O is a spring for keeping the dog in gear with said plate, made as asingle, or double spring. P is an inclined plane, fastened to the upperway D against which a roller (4) on the end of the jointed lever fN,strikes as the carriage with the spoke, moves toward the cutters, forungearing the dog n, from the notched plate I to allow the pattern toturn by the action of the spring is.

'N is another jointed lever, dog, and spring, for operating on the lowerplate I and cog Wheel, in the same manner as above described.

R is another inclined plane, attached to the lower way D, against whichan antifriction roller (5)'on the'lower end, of the lower jointed leverN strikes as the carriage runs back, for the purpose of moving saidlever, and disengaging the dog from the lower plate I, to'allow thespoke to turn the required distance. This inclined plane is madeadjustable, to suit various lengths of the spokes, the screw foradjusting the same being at 6. j

S are right angled mortised plates, fastened to the post E, forsustaining the jointed levers in their proper places, during theoperation of the rollers passing up over the inclined planes.

W is a casting, screwed to the post E containing a mortise, in which thelapped ends of the levers N, N are placed, and through which. the jointpin is inserted, and a slit into which the steel spring 0 is inserted.This spring confined atthe middle, insaid block, its ends reaching overand beyond, and resting upon two proturberances, or cogs on. the backof. the levers. 3 a V the pitman rod and crank.

T is the pit-man rod by which the sliding carriage E is connected withthe crank shaft U. U is a pin for connecting The pitman rod and crank,are pierced with openings to admit the pin to be changed in position,for increasing and diminishing the sweep of the crank, according to thelength of spoke required to be dressed.

V is a pulley on the crank shaft, around which is passed a band (7),leading around a small pulley on the driving shaft 50 for driving it.

X is a vertical swing frame hinged to the main frame, and made to turnin the arc of a-circle, on vertical axles 9, any convenient number ofdegrees of a circle; or made to stand in a fixed posit-ion by a screw 8,Fig. 2.

Z is a revolving cylinder of cutters, for shaping and dressing thespokes. This cylinder is fixed to a vertical shaft 51, Fig. 17, turningin suitable hearings in the swing frame, the lower end of said shaftbeing brought to a point, and stepped in an adjustable box 52 and theupper end made concave to receive the end of an adjustable screw 53. Onthis shaft there is a pulley (9), for a band (10), leading around apulley on the axle of the swing frame, by which the cylinder Z isrevolved. One of the central bearings of the shaft, is a small tube(11), with a horizontal circular flange (12), bolted or screwed to anarm (13), of the swing frame. Over this tube is slipped a central collar(14), of the horizontal guide wheel a. The horizontal guide wheel a(Figs. 16 and 17 is made of metal and open in the center and aboutlarger in diameter than the cutter cylinder, having three arms a a aFig. 16 radiating from the hub, to the rim, made thin on top, so thatthe shavings shall not lo'dgeagainst them, but shall pass down throughthem, as they descend from the interior of the cylinder Z, which isgenerally provided with two, three, or more cutters 15, for. dressingthe spoke. This guide wheel a, is not used when the machine is used fordressing.

spokes, but a guide'roller b, is used, which is connected to the top ofthe swing frame, for the purpose of guiding the cylinder of cutters,over the surface'of the spoke 16, placed below it, by turning itselfover the surface of the pattern 17. This roller is attached to the swingframe by a metallic plate, bent at each end at right angles, and boltedto the swing frame. The oil is introduced, to thepoint of the shaft,through 1 a small aperture made in the side of the screw pin. Theperiphery of the small guide roller 6, is arranged perpendicularly overthe periphery of the cutter cylinder Z.

A corresponding swing frame X, cylinder Z of cutters, guide rollers andother appendages, to those above described, are arranged on the oppositeside of the carriage, for dressing the other half of the spoke,

made, and arranged, and operated, in the manner just described.

During the operation of the machine, the pattern spoke moveslongitudinally between the guide rollers b, and the spoke to be dressed,in the same direction, between the cylinders Z of cutters, which turn incontrary directions, and against the spoke The bits 15, must be insertedin the throats of the cylinders, inclining forward a few degrees from a'perpendicular, and arranged in contrary directions. The cylinders andtheir cutters, must be adapted in size and shape to the kind of work tobe done by them. The cylinders are revolved by a band 10, passed aroundpulleys on their axles, and

leading thence to pulleys on theaXles of the swing frames, which pulleysare revolved by another band 20, passed around them, and around anextra'pulley 71, Fig. 3, and the main drum 56, in the manner representedin Fig. 3--the arrows indicating the direction of the revolving of thecylinders.

Fig. 2 is a screw forturning one of the lower mandrels on which a spiralthread is cut, the end of the mandrel .being square, and inserted intothe end of the screw 0.

(Z is a circular plate, for turning the screw.

6 is a similar plate, for turning the mandrel that holds the pattern.

f f are two cast iron T-shaped hinges, the head being screwed to theback edge of the swing frame, and the shank bored with round openings,through which iron bolts (d) are inserted, having threads cut on them,that screw into the frame, said bolts serving the double purpose ofconfining the hinges, and for tightening the pulleys, having cavities intheir ends, to receive the pivot ends of the axle of the pulleys asaforesaid.

h h, Fig. 2, are weights, for drawing the swing frames inward towardeach other, and for keeping the guide rollers of the swing frames incontact with the patterns. These weights are appended to the ends ofcords 21 attached to the swing frames, and carried over guide pulleys'(22) (28), attached to the main frame, in a position that the weightswill rise and fall, without striking against each other.

Operation of the machine: The machine being put in motion by steam, orother power,+the pattern 17 of the spoke or other article to be shaped,and, dressed, and the rough spoke 16 to be acted on, being secured tothe mandrels G G Gr G Figs. 1 and 2; the crank U, on the revolving shaftU, causes the carriage E, to move back and forth, between its guides orways-the pattern striking against the peripheries of the guide rollers6, causes the cylinders Z, car-- rying the cutting tools, to advancetoward or I recede from the spoke, according asa protuberance, or'adepression of the pattern presents itself to the surfaces of the rollers1), and to cut the roughspoke 16,'to the same shape as the patternthecutter cylinders Z, turning in the'direction shown by the arrows Fig. 3,as it passes longitudinally bepattern, and spoke, and mandrels, to whichthey are attached, being turnedby degrees,

or notches, by the spiral spring, and appendages, at the end of thecarriageso that the cylinders of cutters, shall act on the corners ofthespoke, from end to end simul-' taneously on opposite sides, beforethe spoke I center of the cylinder of cutters, the roller 4:, on the endof lever N, strikes the intween them, and cutting from end to end,during its forward and back movementthe clined plane P, vibrates thelever N, contracts the spring O disengages the cog n, from the notch, inthe notched plate I, and suffers the spiral spring K, to turn the plateI, a distance equal to half the length of the space between the notches,when the tooth on the lever N, falls into a notch of the wheel I towhich it belongs-the cog wheels H, H, on the mandrels G G causing'theplates I, I, to move simultaneouslysaid cog wheels H, H,'being gearedtogether and the notches in the plates, being so arranged, that when acog of one lever is in a notch, the cog of the other lever is bearingagainst the blank, between the notches of the other plate. In thismanner the operation is continued, until the spoke is dressed, to asimilar size, and shape, to that of the pattern. The chips passings downthrough the hollow of the cylinder Z, between the arms of the guidewheels a,and when the spiral spring is unwound, it is again wound, byturning the crank handle M until it strikes the stop 1.

The bends in the posts E E bring the ends of the spokes into suchposition that the pattern will pass between the rollers 1) before theend of the spoke is met by the cutters.

When short spokes are required to be dressed, the curved posts andmandrels, are

brought nearer together and the sweep or movement of the carriagediminished by changing the position of the pin U, that connects thepitman rod T to the crank U.

We do not claim shaping and dressing pieces of wood by means of patternshung on centers and revolving on theiraxes, simultaneously with therevolving of the block of wood to be cut, shaped, or dressed, as thishas already been patented; but

What we do claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patentis The combination and. arrangement of the mechanical devices, abovedescribed, attached to the reciprocating carriage E for turning thepattern and piece of wood to be shaped simultaneously, a segment of acircle,

at the end of each reciprocating movement of the carriage with thecutters 15-15 contained in the revolving cylinders z, 2, arranged in thevertical swing frames m 00- attached to the main frame A, by which the10 spoke or other article to be shaped, will be dressed to a formapproximating to that of the pattern as above described.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto signed our names before twosubscribing

